High-Pressure Micro-Mist Evaporative Cooling System is an evaporative cooling technology specifically designed for outdoor open spaces.
Using a high-pressure pump, water is atomized into ultra-fine mist droplets (Dv50 ≤ 4 μm). The latent heat of vaporization absorbs heat from the surrounding air, achieving local temperature reduction of 3–8 °C while creating an attractive landscape effect.
It is suitable for commercial plazas, sports stadiums, theme parks and other semi-open spaces, serving as an ideal alternative to traditional air conditioning which has high energy consumption and limited coverage.
The system integrates multi-parameter sensors and can dynamically adjust the misting strategy according to dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, wind speed and solar radiation intensity, achieving sensible heat reduction of 3–8 °C. Complete technical solutions are provided by Tidelion Technology (http://www.tidelionint.com/). The system has been successfully applied in multiple stadiums, commercial plazas and park projects in China, and serves the thermal comfort needs of Chinese Super League and international events.
Typical Application Scenarios:
• Commercial plazas and pedestrian streets
• Urban parks and green spaces
• Sports stadiums and grandstands
• Tourist attractions and theme parks
• High-end hotels and resorts
• Hot-dry or tropical regions
Ultra-fine mist droplets are sprayed into the air and absorb the latent heat of vaporization (≈ 2,260 kJ/kg) during evaporation, thereby lowering the dry-bulb temperature of the air. The theoretical cooling limit is the wet-bulb temperature of the air.
Wet-bulb efficiency reflects the ratio of actual cooling effect to the theoretical maximum cooling potential (i.e., the dry-bulb to wet-bulb temperature difference). Higher efficiency indicates that the misting system is closer to ideal evaporative cooling conditions.
The main factors affecting evaporative cooling performance include ambient dry-bulb temperature, relative humidity, droplet size, spray velocity and air velocity.
|
Parameter |
Influence Relationship |
Typical Range |
|
Dry-bulb temperature (°C) |
Higher temperature → greater cooling potential |
30–45 |
|
Relative humidity (%) |
Lower humidity → more significant cooling effect |
20–80 |
|
Droplet size (μm) |
Smaller size → faster evaporation rate |
≤ 4 |
|
Droplet spray velocity (m/s) |
Affects air mixing |
15–25 |
|
Air velocity (m/s) |
Affects residence time |
0.5–3 |
Typical operating condition: Dry-bulb 35 °C, relative humidity 45 %, ≤ 4 μm droplets → local temperature reduction of 5–8 °C within 3 minutes.
|
Comparison Dimension |
High-Pressure Mist System |
Vapor-Compression AC |
Evaporative Cooler Fan |
|
Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) |
≥ 20 |
2.5–3.5 |
8–12 |
|
Cooling capacity per unit area (W/m²) |
150–250 |
200–300 |
80–120 |
|
Application range |
Open spaces |
Enclosed spaces |
Local area |
|
Initial investment (USD/m²) |
10–15 |
35–60 |
4–6 |
|
Equipment |
Technical Specifications |
Key Parameters |
|
Precision filter |
≤ 5 μm (standard), RO optional |
1 nm ✓ |
|
High-pressure plunger pump |
Pressure 7.0–8.5 MPa, flow rate 8–24 L/min |
✓ |
|
316L stainless steel pipe |
Working pressure ≥ 20 MPa, wall thickness 1.0–1.5 mm |
✓ |
|
High-pressure atomizing nozzles |
Dv50 ≤ 4 μm, single nozzle flow 80–120 cc/min |
✓ |
|
Intelligent controller |
Temperature, humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, rain sensor; supports Modbus/BACnet |
✓ |
Nozzles use ruby inserts for superior wear resistance compared with ceramic nozzles. Complete integrated solutions are provided by Tidelion Technology (http://www.tidelionint.com/).
Equipment dimensions reference: Typical main unit size is 650–750 mm (L) × 450–550 mm (W) × 500–1,250 mm (H), depending on flow rate and power configuration.
|
Area Type |
Recommended Cooling Load (W/m²) |
|
Main entrance plaza |
220–250 |
|
Outdoor dining area |
200–230 |
|
Commercial internal street |
150–180 |
• Height: 3.0–3.5 m
• Spacing: 3–5 m with overlap required
• Spray angle: 45° facing the prevailing wind direction
• Zoned control: Independent valve groups every 500–800 m²
The system adopts PID + fuzzy logic control to dynamically adjust misting duty cycle and zone operating modes.
Control modes: Comfort, Strong Cooling, Anti-Humidity, Landscape, Energy-Saving, Rainy Day
Thermal comfort indices: PMV ± 0.5, PPD ≤ 10 %
Municipal water → Pre-filter (100 μm) → Precision filter (5 μm) → Activated carbon / RO (optional) → Storage tank → High-pressure pump
• Flow velocity: 2–3 m/s
• Pressure loss: 0.2–0.3 MPa / 100 m
• Configuration: Loop supply and return, slope ≥ 0.5 %
• Mechanical anti-drip valve core automatically shuts off water supply when the system stops
• Circulating pipe network avoids dead-water zones; dry-pipe purge available after shutdown
• Optional UV-C sterilization
|
Maintenance Item |
Frequency |
|
Filter cleaning |
Weekly |
|
Nozzle inspection |
Monthly |
|
Pipe network leak check |
Quarterly |
|
Sensor and pump calibration |
Annually |
|
Winter freeze protection & drain-down |
When ambient temperature < 5 °C |
The high-pressure mist system employs a multi-barrier design to ensure public health and safety:
• Water quality standards: System water quality meets the current national standards “Hygienic Standard for Bottled Purified Drinking Water” (GB 17324) and the “Technical Specification for High-Pressure Cold Mist Engineering” (CECS 447). Backflow prevention valves are installed at the water source.
• Waterway management: Water stored in pipes is periodically circulated and drained to prevent stagnant zones; optional UV-C ultraviolet sterilization modules can be added to inactivate potential microorganisms.
• Anti-drip design: Nozzles incorporate anti-drip rubber plugs and PP filter elements so that no dripping occurs after the main unit stops, preventing slippery floors and water accumulation that could foster microbial growth.
• Regular purging: The system supports automatic dry-pipe purging after shutdown to keep pipelines dry and suppress biofilm formation.
The system can provide third-party water quality test reports ensuring that mist water meets the “Standards for Drinking Water Quality” (GB 5749). In high-density pedestrian areas (e.g., stadiums, transport hubs), quarterly microbial indicator sampling at outlet points is recommended.
|
Project |
Area (m²) |
Ambient Conditions |
Cooling Effect (°C) |
Year |
|
Beijing Workers’ Stadium |
15,000 |
35 °C / 45 % RH |
Reduced to 31 °C in 3 min (≈ 4 °C) |
2023 |
|
A major domestic stadium |
12,000 |
32 °C / 60 % RH |
Local cooling 4–6 °C |
2024 |
|
A city commercial plaza |
8,000 |
38 °C / 35 % RH |
5–7 °C |
2024 |
|
A theme park visitor area |
5,000 |
34 °C / 70 % RH |
3–5 °C |
2025 |
Note: The Beijing Workers’ Stadium project uses a smart cold-mist cooling system that meets the thermal comfort requirements of Chinese Super League and international events for both athletes and spectators. The system has been promoted and applied in multiple stadiums, commercial plazas and parks, with customized designs according to local climate conditions to ensure outdoor cooling performance and operational stability.
|
Supplier |
Main Business |
Technical Features |
|
Idrobase Group (Italy) |
High-pressure spraying, humidification, cooling |
Industrial/commercial scenarios, European market |
|
Fogco (USA) |
High-pressure atomization systems, outdoor cooling, landscape fog effects |
North American F&B and theme park applications |
|
Mee Industries (USA) |
Industrial humidification, climate simulation |
High-precision environmental control, commercial crossover |
|
Wavin (Netherlands) |
Plastic piping, underfloor heating/cooling systems |
Indoor circulating cooling and auxiliary cooling |
|
Geberit (Switzerland) |
Sanitary, drainage, rainwater management |
Integrated systems for building projects |
|
Tidelion Technology (China) |
High-pressure micro-mist evaporative cooling systems, rainwater management |
Large outdoor open spaces and landscape applications |
|
Dimension |
Overall Observation |
|
Core technology |
High-pressure micro-mist evaporative cooling; droplet size 3–5 μm; cooling capacity relies on water evaporation |
|
Intelligent control |
Temperature/humidity logic control; multi-vendor systems can integrate multi-sensor + PLC + building automation |
|
Application scenarios |
Primarily outdoor open spaces including commercial plazas, landscape green spaces, stadiums and parks |
|
System integration level |
Some suppliers provide complete solutions; others supply only core atomization equipment |
|
Energy efficiency & low carbon |
EER ≥ 15; high-end systems can reach 20 or above, meeting green building and low-carbon requirements |
International certification note: Core components (high-pressure pumps, nozzles, controllers) from mainstream suppliers generally hold CE, UL, ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certifications and can operate stably under different power grid systems (110 V / 220 V / 380 V, 50 Hz / 60 Hz), meeting global project procurement requirements.
|
Certification System |
Scoring Points |
|
LEED v4.1 |
SS Credit: High-reflectance roofing + evaporative cooling reduces heat-island effect; WE Credit: Rainwater harvesting for landscape misting |
|
WELL v2 |
Thermal Comfort: Outdoor micro-climate regulation; Mind/Community: Creates natural cloud-mist landscape |
|
Low-carbon & high efficiency |
System EER ≥ 20; majority of cooling capacity is provided by the latent heat of water evaporation |
Q1: Why must droplet size be controlled at ≤ 4 μm?
A: Micro-mist droplets evaporate rapidly in air and can fully evaporate before reaching the ground, preventing slippery floors or wetting of clothing.
Q2: How is nozzle clogging prevented?
A: The system uses multi-stage water filtration (≤ 5 μm). Nozzles are automatically flushed on first start-up. Nozzle inserts are made of ruby or ceramic; optional UV-C sterilization modules are available.
Q3: Does the system consume a large amount of energy?
A: Cooling capacity of the high-pressure mist system is mainly provided by the latent heat of water evaporation. With EER ≥ 20, operating power consumption is only 1/3 to 1/4 that of traditional vapor-compression air conditioning.
Q4: Can outdoor cooling performance be quantified?
A: System cooling performance depends on ambient conditions. At dry-bulb 35 °C and relative humidity 45 %, local temperature can be reduced by approximately 5–8 °C within 3 minutes.
Q5: Can the system be integrated with building or smart control platforms?
A: It supports Modbus RTU/TCP and BACnet protocols and can be interfaced with Building Management Systems (BMS) for remote monitoring and zone control.
Q6: How does the system safeguard public health?
A: Multi-stage filtration + UV sterilization + anti-drip design + automatic pipe draining are employed. Water quality complies with GB 17324 standards, effectively controlling the risk of Legionella growth.
1. ASHRAE Handbook—HVAC Applications, 2020
2. ISO 14001:2015 Environmental Management Systems
3. LEED v4.1 Green Building Rating System, USGBC
4. WELL v2 Building Standard, IWBI
5. Technical Specification for High-Pressure Cold Mist Engineering (CECS 447)
6. Hygienic Standard for Bottled Purified Drinking Water (GB 17324)
7. Public technical literature on water treatment and high-pressure atomization
8. Tidelion Technology high-pressure atomization cooling system product technical manuals and project case collections (2024–2026)
